What is the primary function of enzymes in biological reactions?

The primary function of enzymes in biological reactions is to speed up chemical reactions. Enzymes are biological catalysts, meaning they lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur. By doing this, enzymes increase the rate at which reactions proceed, allowing essential biochemical processes to happen quickly and efficiently at the temperature and pH levels found in living organisms. This acceleration is crucial for maintaining life, as many biological processes, such as metabolism, digestion, and DNA replication, need to occur rapidly enough to sustain growth and energy levels in cells.

Enzymes facilitate reactions by binding to substrates, the molecules upon which enzymes act, forming an enzyme-substrate complex that allows the reaction to occur more easily. Therefore, their role is central to ensuring that biological reactions can meet the demands of life.