Western Governors University (WGU) BIO1010 C190 Introduction to Biology Practice Exam

Symbiosis is indeed a term that encompasses a variety of relationships between two different species, and option B correctly highlights that symbiotic relationships are essential for the balance of ecosystems. In these relationships, two species often interact closely, which can promote biodiversity and contribute to the overall functioning and stability of an ecosystem. For instance, many plants rely on mycorrhizal fungi for nutrient uptake, and in turn, the fungi receive carbohydrates from the plants. This interplay is vital not only for the survival of individual species but also for maintaining the ecological balance by supporting food webs and nutrient cycling.

The other options imply narrower definitions of symbiosis that do not encompass the full range of possibilities within this complex interaction. Symbiosis can indeed be beneficial, neutral, or even detrimental for the involved species, highlighting the diversity of relationships. While many symbiotic relationships might be beneficial to at least one organism involved, they can also manifest in various forms, such as mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism, illustrating why understanding these relationships is crucial for ecological study.