What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Ribosomes play a critical role in the process of protein synthesis, which is essential for cellular function and growth. They are the molecular machines that translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, effectively assembling amino acids in the order specified by the mRNA sequence to form proteins. Proteins are vital for numerous biological functions, including enzyme activity, structural roles, and cell signaling.

The correct answer emphasizes the ribosomes' primary role in synthesizing proteins, underscoring their importance in gene expression and the overall functioning of cells. Without ribosomes, the cells would not be able to produce the proteins necessary for life processes.