What is the concept of carrying capacity in an ecosystem?

Carrying capacity refers to the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that an environment can support sustainably over time. This concept is important in ecology because it encompasses the availability of resources such as food, water, and shelter, which are essential for the survival of the species. When a population exceeds its carrying capacity, it can lead to resource depletion, increased competition, and ultimately negative impacts on the population, such as starvation or disease. Understanding carrying capacity helps in managing wildlife populations, agriculture, and even human populations by ensuring that they remain within the limits of their environment's resources.