What is meant by a ‘biological species’?

A biological species is defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring. This definition emphasizes reproductive isolation, meaning that members of the same species are capable of mating with one another and producing offspring that can also reproduce. This concept is fundamental in understanding how species are classified and differentiated from one another.

The ability to produce fertile offspring distinguishes a biological species from other classifications, as it highlights the genetic continuity within that group. The concept is important in the study of evolution and ecology, as it helps in understanding the dynamics of populations, adaptation, and speciation. This definition aligns with modern biological research and the study of biodiversity, as they consider reproductive compatibility a key factor in species identification.