How is an ecological niche defined?

An ecological niche is defined as the role and position of a species in its environment, encompassing how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors. This definition includes not only where the organism lives (the physical space) but also how it obtains its resources, how it reproduces, and how it contributes to the ecosystem. The concept of a niche involves understanding the functional role of an organism—its place within the food web, its interactions with other species, and its adaptability to environmental conditions.

In contrast, while the physical space is an important aspect of an organism's habitat, it does not capture the full complexity of the ecological niche. The evolutionary path of a species pertains to its development and changes over time, which, although important, is not focused on current interactions within the ecosystem. Specific adaptations of an individual organism may contribute to a wider understanding of how a species occupies its niche, but they are just one part of a larger picture that includes all interactions and roles within an ecosystem. Therefore, understanding a niche as a species' role and position emphasizes the relationships and environmental factors crucial to its survival and functionality in the ecosystem.